We studied the current and future distribution of four potentially invasive crab species in Europe using species distribution models. The models showed that potential distributions for all species are larger than currently known. Conditions for three species will improve in most of the Mediterranean Sea, particularly in the Adriatic and Aegean seas. These seas are highly suitable and will become more favourable, highlighting the need for monitoring these species.

Since 1850, glaciers have retreated in the Alps, providing ground for vegetation succession. Such systems were studied intensively in other parts of the Alps, but excluding the Northern Limestone Alps. Hence, we initiated a long-term research programme, which we introduce here. Initial findings show an increase in plant species richness and cover with age since deglaciation. This is, however, by far slower than observed elsewhere in the Alps, likely due to the specific geology and geomorphology.

It is well known that the spatial distribution of micro-organisms is heterogeneous. Taking spatiality into account allows for better modelling of the environmental parameters that drive the distribution of living organisms. We show that geographically weighted models perform much better in reconstructing water table depth in peatlands based on testate amoeba communities. The method (R package) can be used for any application of a regression model in the case of heterogeneous spatial distribution.