Articles | Volume 22, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/we-22-101-2022
https://doi.org/10.5194/we-22-101-2022
Short communication
 | 
20 Dec 2022
Short communication |  | 20 Dec 2022

Emergence timing and voltinism of phantom midges, Chaoborus spp., in the UK

Robert J. G. Cockroft, W. Richard Jenkins, Anthony G. Irwin, Steve Norman, and Kevin C. Brown

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Latest update: 15 Jul 2024
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Short summary
Larvae of phantom midges are very sensitive to some pesticides, and populations can be severely affected by relatively low doses. The number of generations these flies produce each year is critical to their potential to recover from pesticide exposure, but this information has not been confirmed precisely. We found strong evidence that one species of phantom midge can have at least four generations per year. This evidence can be used to improve regulatory assessment of pesticides.